DOCUMENTATION

ANALYSIS

The implication of the local knowledge in the increasing integration of animal husbandry in the farming systems of disadvantaged communities


1. Participation
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Number of farmers and area involved (ratio with the initial values)

Motivation.
More information.
More data.

Time consuming.
Fund consuming.

Incoherence between surface planned and reality

Kind and number of stakeholders involved To measure involvement of policy makers.
External support.
Time constraints. -
Frequency of inter stakeholder interaction. Clarify & Spread issues.
Sharing experiences.
Better understanding.
Poor understanding if not frequent enough. -
Number/ frequency of meetings, reports, common field visit Good communication.
Data available, enough info for everyone
Time consuming -
Number of farmers per meetings If good participation, content of meeting is relevant, adapted to the farmers requirement.
Farmers enjoy and feel the subject useful for them.
Farmers were selected, so some might be excluded etc Incentives (lunch or cash) used to get farmers to meeting (in Vietnam). In Lao, govt does not allow this. -
Quality of farmers interaction/ participation

Good achievement.
Unknown aspect.

Some farmers might be shy and not join in. Some might find it boring. Presence of foreigners.
       
2. Knowledge Management
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Number of peer review papers published

Credibility for project and work. Share knowledge.
Institutional support.

Time consuming

-
Number of meetings and field visits with farmers, scientists and policy makers Sharing information at different levels.
Practical info.
Can be too much info, new info, boring or too intensive visits, farmers tired. -
Number of inter country meetings Sharing info.
Facilitate understanding and learning.
Time consuming.
Funds consuming.
-
Number of integrated reports As above. Time consuming. -
       
3. Capacity building
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Number of farmers attending trainings

Appropriate technology.
Easy to understand trainings. Quality of trainings.
Probably better adoption by farmers.

Too much time for farmers to take.

-
Number of students and fellowships obtained/ involved Dissemination.
Scientific interest.
Long term contact –farmers happy to work with foreigners.
Time consuming for scientists to have students etc.
Students/foreigners who live in villages may change farmer’s native behaviour. 
-
Better practices

Farmers adopted. Appropriate technology.
Easy to understand trainings. Quality of trainings.

Labour intensive.
Complicated.
Expensive.

-
       
4. Institutionalization
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Integration in other projects

New ideas. More information.
More contacts especially in minorities area.
Helps to address farmers’ problems.

Limited time to work with other projects.
Discussion not as deep as we would like.

-

Integration in institutional activity Appropriate methods.
Interesting techniques.
Similar subject areas. 
Sharing ideas.
Many institutions participate in one project.
Funding often little.
-

Spin-offs:
-biogas
-human health control
-bio fuel (jatropha)
-private company involvement

Promotes integration of systems eg next step – biogas from animal waste. Better use of waste improves human health etc.
Relevant ideas.

Funding…… Generates new project ideas.
       
5. Economic efficiency
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Number of animals

More grass resources. Other ‘nutritive grasses’ used now.
Increased trade/ commercialization.

Not enough land.
Grass quality not good.
Not enough money to investment.

-

Crop yield Appropriate fertilizer management. Climatic impact. -
Erosion rate. Appropriate agricultural techniques. - -
Income change. More animals, good results of project.
Better crop yields, better mgt etc. 
Results adopted/adapted.
If no interest, don’t continue, no adoption and not adapted.
Money needed to invest.
-
CSO involvement/entrepreneurial Commercialization.

Speculation, market prices not fixed when starting up.
Not fair.

-
       
6. Replicability
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Number of neighbour communes

Appropriate technology.
Easy/simple to transfer.

Lack of interest.
Not enough involvement of extension services.

-

Other projects

Appropriate technology.
Easy/simple to transfer.

Not enough experiences.
Not enough communication.

-
       
7. Sustainability
Indicators
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Unknown aspects

Continuous adoption by Farmers of new technology

Good and appropriate ideas.
Appropriate tech in long term.
Shows results useful for farmer.

-

Changes in socio-economic expectations.

Water quality and quantity Well adapted technology for local environment. Too many animals. Pollution possible. Poor management. -
Pollution and disease.

Can be used for biogas to a certain level.
Alternatives needed and found.
New projects.

Not sustainable.
Too many animals.
Bad management – too much success.

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